Use of images from the collections of the Tom & Ethel Bradley Center is strictly prohibited by law without prior written consent from the copyright holders. The responsibility for the use of these materials rests exclusively with the user. The Bradley Center may assist in obtaining copyright/licensing permission to use images from the Richard Cross collection. http://www.csun.edu/bradley-center/contact
Description
A woman sits on the floor inside of a house and hand-washes clothes using a tub of soapy water. Domestic chores were mainly done by women while men helped out with other rural and agricultural work. San Basilio del Palenque, a town located 31 miles from Cartagena, is considered the first community to officially free enslaved people in the Americas because, on August 23, 1691, the Spanish King Charles II signed a royal charter recognizing the freedom of the runaway communities in the María Mountains. Local authorities, however, did not sign a treaty with these communities until January of 1714 acknowledging their freedom and ordering the establishment of the town of Palenque San Basilio Magno. Father Isidoro, of the order of Saint Basil the Great, was named the first priest of the community in 1714, and the church was consecrated to St. Michael the Archangel. Colombian anthropologist Nina S. De Friedemann had been studying the Afro-Colombian community of San Basilio del Palenque since 1973 for the Colombian Institute of Anthropology and Richard Cross joined her to do work as a visual anthropologist in June 1975. This image illustrates Cross’s anthropological category: Inventory of male-female work roles. Una mujer se sienta en el piso dentro de una casa y lava ropa a mano usando una tina de agua jabonosa. Las tareas domésticas las realizaban principalmente las mujeres mientras que los hombres ayudaban con trabajos rurales y agrícolas. San Basilio del Palenque, un pueblo ubicado a 31 millas de Cartagena, se considera la primera comunidad en liberar oficialmente a personas esclavizadas de América porque, el 23 de agosto de 1691, el rey español Carlos II firmó una cédula real que reconocía la libertad de las comunidades de personas fugitivas en el Montañas de María. Sin embargo, las autoridades locales no firmaron un tratado con estas comunidades sino hasta enero de 1714, reconociendo su libertad y ordenando el establecimiento del poblado Palenque San Basilio Magno. El padre Isidoro, de la orden de San Basilio Magno, fue nombrado el primer sacerdote de la comunidad en 1714, y la iglesia fue consagrada a San Miguel Arcángel. La antropóloga colombiana Nina S. de Friedemann había estado estudiando la comunidad afrocolombiana de San Basilio del Palenque desde 1973 para el Instituto Colombiano de Antropología y Richard Cross se unió a ella para trabajar como antropólogo visual en junio de 1975. Esta imagen ilustra la categoría antropológica de Cross: Inventario de roles de trabajo masculino-femenino.
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