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Description
Previous research has established that all grapevine fruiting varieties and rootstocks contain one or more of the three principal grapevine viroids (GYSV d-1, GYSV d-2, and HSVd-g). Heretofore, the ability to perform a critical test for the viticultural effect of viroids has been precluded for lack of a viroid-free control. Three viroid profiles were tested for their effect on the performance of own-rooted Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines at the Oakville Experimental Vineyard in the Napa Valley. The parent material was certified virus-tested from Foundation Plant Materials Service, UC Davis, and contained naturally occurring GYSVD-I and HSVd-g. This parent material was subjected to shoot-tip culture and the viroids successfully eliminated. The third treatment consisted of a viroid-free material into which all three viroids had been reinoculated. In 1988, vines were planted on a spacing of 8 ft X 12 ft (vine X row) and trained to a bilateral cordon. In 1991, vine harvest data showed that parent material had the greatest yield ( 12.2 lbs/vine) versus viroid-free (8.9 lbs), and triple-inoculated (10. 7 lbs). The low yield ofviroid-free material was a result of fewer berries/cluster. Parent material was slower to mature, perhaps as a result of heavier crop, resulting in a harvest date several days later than the other two treatments, Treatment wines were made and results will be discussed. Implications of viroid content in winegrapes will be addressed.
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