A large group of Chinese and a few Western missionaries gather outside the Hartwell Memorial Church in Foochow [Fuzhou] in 1931. The Westerners in front of the church entrance from the front row to the rear are Carrie Hartwell Tupper, Emily Tupper, Edward Tupper, Willard Topping, and Charles Culver. Many of the Chinese congregants are in their bare feet. There is Chinese writing on the upper right corner of the photograph. This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
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