Mamluks and the Copts Christianity Coptic Church Copts Muslims Mamluks Islam Politics Persecution Taxation Muslim converts from Christianity Churches Ethiopia Ethiopian Orthodox Church Mosques Crusades Crusades - 13th-15th centuries Ayyubid dynasty Syria Dhimmis Monks Al-Hakim Fatimid dynasty Cairo (Egypt) Military Alexandria (Egypt) Coptic Feasts Martyrs Nile River Relics Melchite Church Jews ʻUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb, Caliph, d. 644 Poll Tax (Islamic Law)
Source
The Coptic encyclopedia, volume 5, (CE:1517a-1518b). Originally published in print by Macmillan, reproduced with permission.
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