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Image / Bullfighter waving a cape in front of bull, San Basilio de Palenque, …

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Title
Bullfighter waving a cape in front of bull, San Basilio de Palenque, 1976
Creator
Cross, Richard, 1950-1983
Date Created and/or Issued
1976
Publication Information
California State University, Northridge
Contributing Institution
California State University, Northridge
Collection
Richard Cross Photographs (Bradley Center)
Rights Information
Use of images from the collections of the Tom & Ethel Bradley Center is strictly prohibited by law without prior written consent from the copyright holders. The responsibility for the use of these materials rests exclusively with the user.
The Bradley Center may assist in obtaining copyright/licensing permission to use images from the Richard Cross collection. http://www.csun.edu/bradley-center/contact
Description
A man is waving a red cape at a bull. More men are sitting on top a fence while women and children are standing behind it and watching the bullfight, a tradition established in 1915 by large land owners who took possession of some of the village's land. Few other men run away on foot while people watch the show sitting on top and behind the fence. San Basilio de Palenque, a town located 31 miles from Cartagena, is considered the first community to officially free enslaved people in the Americas because, on August 23, 1691, the Spanish King Charles II signed a royal charter recognizing the freedom of the runaway communities in the María Mountains. Local authorities, however, did not sign a treaty with these communities until January of 1714 acknowledging their freedom and ordering the establishment of the town of Palenque San Basilio Magno. People in San Basilio de Palenque speak a Spanish-based creole language known as Palenquero. According to local public records, in 1975 the village had 2,400 residents (mostly farmers or day laborers) and 388 houses. Colombian anthropologist Nina S. de Friedemann had been studying the Afro-Colombian community of San Basilio de Palenque since 1973 for the Colombian Institute of Anthropology and Richard Cross joined her to do work as a visual anthropologist in June 1975. This image illustrates Cross’s anthropological category: Social organization.
Un hombre está ondeando un capote rojo frente a un toro. Más hombres están sentados encima de una cerca mientras que mujeres y niños están parados detrás de la cerca y observando la corrida de toros, una tradición establecida en 1915 por los grandes propietarios de tierras que tomaron posesión de algunas de las tierras de la aldea. Pocos hombres huyen a pie mientras la gente mira el espectáculo sentado en la parte superior y detrás de la valla. San Basilio de Palenque, un pueblo ubicado a 50 kilómetros de Cartagena, se considera la primera comunidad en liberar oficialmente a personas esclavizadas de América porque, el 23 de agosto de 1691, el rey español Carlos II firmó una cédula real que reconocía la libertad de las comunidades de personas fugitivas en el Montañas de María. Sin embargo, las autoridades locales no firmaron un tratado con estas comunidades sino hasta enero de 1714, reconociendo su libertad y ordenando el establecimiento del poblado Palenque San Basilio Magno. La gente en San Basilio de Palenque habla una lengua criolla con base en español conocida como palenquero. Según los registros públicos locales, en 1975 el pueblo tenía 2,400 residentes (en su mayoría agricultores o jornaleros) y 388 casas. La antropóloga colombiana Nina S. de Friedemann había estado estudiando la comunidad afrocolombiana de San Basilio de Palenque desde 1973 para el Instituto Colombiano de Antropología y Richard Cross se unió a ella para trabajar como antropólogo visual en junio de 1975. Esta imagen ilustra la categoría antropológica de Cross: Organización social.
Type
image
Format
Photographs
image/jpeg
Color slides
Extent
35 mm
Identifier
99.01.RCr.sl.B7.02.01.04
http://digital-collections.csun.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p17169coll1/id/9608
Subject
Bullfights
Bullfighters
Spectators
Place
San Basilio del Palenque (Colombia)
Relation
99.01.RCr.sl.B7.02.01.04.tif
Richard Cross Photographs
California State University Northridge. University Library. Special Collections & Archives. Tom & Ethel Bradley Center

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