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Title
Testimony of Paulino de la Mota, Interview with Scott Boehm and Miriam Duarte; July 8-15, 2009
Contributor
Mota, Paulino de la
Asociación de Ex-presos y Represaliados Políticos
Asociación para la Recuperación de la Memoria Histórica
Federación Estatal de Foros por la Memoria
Boehm, Scott
Duarte, Miriam
University of California, San Diego
Date Created and/or Issued
July 8-15, 2009
Contributing Institution
UC San Diego, Special Collections and Archives
Collection
Spanish Civil War Memory Project
Rights Information
Under copyright
Constraint(s) on Use: This work is protected by the copyright law. Use of this work beyond that allowed by the applicable copyright statute requires written permission of the copyright holder(s). Responsibility for obtaining permissions and any use and distribution of this work rests exclusively with the user and not the UC San Diego Library. Inquiries can be made to the UC San Diego Library program having custody of the work.
Use: This work is available from the UC San Diego Library. This digital copy of the work is intended to support research, teaching, and private study.
Rights Holder and Contact
Mota, Paulino de la
Description
Mota was born on August 7, 1940 in Medina de Campo, province of Valladolid. His parents, who were working class Catholics, moved to Madrid soon after the Civil War. His father supported Franco, while his mother sympathized with the left, holding political views rooted in her own mother's socialism. Mota left school at age eleven to work in a mechanics shop. He relates childhood memories of food rationing and repression, including neighborhood bosses who created a climate of fear. He did not recall people talking about the Civil War during his childhood. A self- styled kid from the streets, Mota describes the acceptance of prostitution during the Franco period. As there were no books in his house, Mota stole books from the Instituto Internacional de Boston, an English school where his mother worked as a cook. The stolen books included an old edition of Don Quixote, but also works banned by the Franco government. Mota's first exposure to the Communist Party occurred when he entered military service in 1961. For the first time he counted university-educated women among an enlarged circle of friends. He shares many anecdotes about his clandestine work throughout the 1960s, printing and distributing "Mundo Obrero" and other Communist Party propaganda. Mota was detected by the police on January 17, 1973, sentenced to eight years, ultimately serving three years at Carabanchel. He gives a valuable and detailed account of prison life within Carabanchel, including the relative freedom of expression for political prisoners, time to study and read, day-to- day prison economics, clandestine contact with the outside, and periodic hunger strikes. Mota was "Madre en la Comuna" for the Communists in Carabanchel, a position of some responsibility charged with administering the collective finances of political prisoners that were members of the Party. Other prison topics include a system of receiving and hiding literature and propaganda, use of a hidden transistor radio for rotating all-night listening sessions with the BBC and Radio Español Independiente. He describes how homosexual inmates lived segregated in the prison; he witnessed two suicides among the gay prisoners. Mota discusses how important outside events, such as the assassination by ETA of Prime Minister Luis Carrero Blanco in December 1973, affected the morale of political prisoners. He describes the "gran alegria" of the prisoners at Carabanchel when they received the news of Franco's death. Mota was freed within days after Franco's death. He also talks about adjustment to life immediately after release, walking the streets obsessively, continued friendships with fellow ex-political prisoners, and maternal-like closeness to his daughter. During the attempted military-led coup d'état on February 23, 1981 (23-F) Mota was in Valencia attending a toy fair for his business, when he heard military bands playing and saw tanks in the street. He expresses strong support for the effort to recoup the historical memory in a modern-day Spain that, according to him, suffers from a national amnesia concerning the atrocities under fascism. Finally he reflects on the current worldwide economic crisis, criticizing the Socialist government in Spain as woefully ineffective
Mota nació el 7 de agosto de 1940 en Medina de Campo, provincia de Valladolid. Sus padres, católicos de clase trabajadora, se trasladaron a Madrid poco después de la Guerra Civil. Su padre apoyó a Franco, mientras que su madre, con opiniones políticas arraigadas en el socialismo de su propia madre, simpatizaba con la izquierda. Mota dejó la escuela a los once años para trabajar en un taller de mecánica. Relata recuerdos de infancia de racionamiento de alimentos y represión, incluso de jefes de barrio que creaban un clima de miedo. No recordaba que la gente hablara de la Guerra Civil durante su infancia. Mota, autodenominado niño de la calle, describe la aceptación de la prostitución durante el franquismo. Como no había libros en su casa, Mota robó libros del Instituto Internacional de Boston, una escuela de inglés donde su madre trabajaba como cocinera. Los libros robados incluían una edición antigua de Don Quijote, pero también obras prohibidas por el gobierno de Franco. Mota se enteró por primera vez del Partido Comunista cuando ingresó al servicio militar en 1961. Por primera vez, contó con mujeres con educación universitaria entre un círculo ampliado de amigos. Comparte muchas anécdotas sobre su trabajo clandestino a lo largo de la década de 1960, imprimiendo y distribuyendo Mundo Obrero y otra propaganda del Partido Comunista. Mota fue detectado por la policía el 17 de enero de 1973, condenado a ocho años, cumpliendo finalmente tres años en Carabanchel. Da un relato valioso y detallado de la vida carcelaria en Carabanchel, incluida la relativa libertad de expresión de los presos políticos, el tiempo para estudiar y leer, la economía carcelaria cotidiana, el contacto clandestino con el exterior y las huelgas de hambre periódicas. Mota era "Madre en la Comuna" de los comunistas de Carabanchel, cargo de cierta responsabilidad encargado de administrar las finanzas colectivas de los presos políticos afiliados al Partido. Otros temas de la prisión incluyen un sistema de recepción y ocultación de literatura y propaganda, el uso de una radio de transistores oculta para rotar las sesiones de escucha de toda la noche con la BBC y Radio Español Independiente. Describe cómo los internos homosexuales vivían segregados en la prisión; fue testigo de dos suicidios entre los presos homosexuales. Mota comenta cómo importantes acontecimientos externos, por ejemplo el asesinato por parte de ETA del presidente del Gobierno Luis Carrero Blanco en diciembre de 1973, afectaron a la moral de los presos políticos. Describe la gran alegría de los presos de Carabanchel cuando recibieron la noticia de la muerte de Franco. Mota fue liberado pocos días después de la muerte de Franco. Mota fue liberado pocos días después de la muerte de Franco. También habla sobre como se adaptó después de la liberación, por ejemplo caminando obsesivamente por las calles, siguendo su amistad con compañeros ex presos políticos y el desarollo de una cercanía con su hija. Durante el intento de golpe de Estado del 23 de febrero de 1981 (23-F) Mota se encontraba en Valencia asistiendo a una feria de juguetes por su negocio. Escuchó bandas militares tocando y vio tanques en la calle. Muestra un fuerte apoyo al esfuerzo por recuperar la memoria histórica en una España actual que, según él, sufre una amnesia nacional respecto a las atrocidades del fascismo. Finalmente, reflexiona sobre la actual crisis económica, criticando al gobierno socialista en España como lamentablemente ineficaz.
Special Collections & Archives, UC San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0175 (https://lib.ucsd.edu/sca)
Testimony of the Spanish Civil War and the Francoist dictatorship
Interviews in Spanish
Mota's testimony was recorded in Madrid, Spain
Mota, Paulino de la. Testimony of the Spanish Civil War and the Francoist Dictatorship. University of California, San Diego, 2009
Madrid, Spain : Spanish Civil War Memory Project 2009
Type
moving image
Format
11 video files : digital, sound, color
Identifier
ark:/20775/bb35506221
Language
Spanish
Subject
Communism
Personal narratives-Spanish
Interviews
Nonfiction films
History
Coup d'état (Spain : 1981)
Oral history
Political prisoners
Civil War (Spain : 1936-1939)
Partit Socialista Unificat de Catalunya
Cárcel de Carabanchel (Madrid, Spain)
Valencia (Spain)
Madrid (Spain)
Spain
Place
Valencia (Spain)
Madrid (Spain)
Spain

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