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Description
The archive contains all data collected during the Hornsund Fjord 2023 expedition, which took place in Southwestern Svalbard. Hornsund Fjord 2023 aimed to characterize the thermohaline structure of a high latitude fjord through the collection of active acoustic and oceanographic data. This project is part of a larger research effort in Hornsund Fjord, Svalbard under the research permit 11023, "Measuring the melt rate of glacier ice with underwater noise (Ice melt from hydroacoustics)". This is a multi-year study with typically 6-week field deployments in Hornsund fjord, Svalbard designed to address 1) the distribution of gas pressures and bubbles sizes in glacier ice, 2) the variability in these distributions between glaciers, and 3) the variation of sound production from melting glacier ice versus depth below the sea surface and water temperature. Data archived here include high frequency (150-250 kHz) broadband acoustic water column data collected with split-beam echosounders, conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) profiles, and microstructure profiles. The broadband acoustic data consists of the raw complex pressure time series. The CTD profiles include temperature, salinity, density, sound speed, and depth profiles. The microstructure profiles include dissipation rates of both turbulent kinetic energy and temperature variance. Elizabeth Weidner lead the acoustic data collection, with assistance from a large field team including researchers from Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the National University of Singapore, and the Institute of Geophysics in Poland. The data were collected in July of 2023 on board Marine Vessel (MV) Ulla Rinman. Cruise data include two types of acoustic water column data: full-fjord transects and glacial terminus scans. The full-fjord transects cover approximately 3 km, running N-S from the terminus of the glacier to the main channel of Hornsund Fjord. The glacial scans are approximately 1 km long, running E-W. CTD and microstructure casts are interspersed throughout the acoustic survey. This research effort was supported by the Office of Naval Research, Award No. N00014-23-1-2620, N00014-21-1-2304, and N00014-21-1-2316. Weidner was supported by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography postdoctoral fellowship. Other fiel personnel were supported by the INTERACT III Transnational Access grant under the European Union H2020 Grant Agreement No.871120 and the National Science Centre, Poland grant no. 2021/43/D/ST10/00616. Research Data Curation Program, UC San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0175 (https://lib.ucsd.edu/rdcp) Reed-Weidner, Elizabeth F.; Deane, Grant (2024). Broadband acoustic data. In Hornsund Fjord 2023: Broadband Active Acoustic and Oceanographic Data. UC San Diego Library Digital Collections. https://doi.org/10.6075/J0M32W4C Transect labeling system: Type of Transect: Indicated by a prefix such as "P" for full-fjord transects and "TG" for glacial scans. Transect Number: A sequential number denoting the specific transect (e.g., "01"). Collection Location: A suffix indicating the specific glacial bay (e.g., "H" for the Hansbreen glacial bay, Hansbukta, Hornsund Fjord and "P" for Paierlbreen glacial bay, Bugerbukta, Hornsund Fjord.
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