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Organic matter accumulates at the ocean surface. Herein, we provide the first quantitative assessment of the enrichment of dissolved saccharides in persistent whitecap foam and compare this enrichment to the sea surface microlayer (SSML) during a nine day mesocosm experiment involving a phytoplankton bloom. Free monosaccharides were quantified directly, total saccharides were determined following mild acid hydrolysis, and the oligo/polysaccharide component was determined as the difference between total and free monosaccharides. Total saccharides contributed a significant fraction of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), accounting for 13% of DOC in seawater, 27% in SSML and 31% in foam. Median enrichment factors (EF), calculated as the ratio of the concentrations of saccharides relative to sodium in SSML or foam to that of seawater, ranged from 1.7-6.4 in SSML and 2.1-12.1 in foam. Based on median EFs, xylitol, mannitol, glucose, galactose, mannose, xylose, fucose, rhamnose and ribose were more enriched in foam than SSML. The greatest EFs for saccharides coincided with high chlorophyll levels, indicating increasing ocean surface enrichment of saccharides during phytoplankton blooms. Higher enrichments of organic matter in sea foam over the SSML indicate that surface active organic compounds become increasingly enriched on persistent bubble film surfaces. These findings help to explain how marine organic matter becomes highly enriched in sea spray aerosol that is generated by bursting bubbles at the ocean surface. Here we provide the first quantitative enrichment of saccharides on bubble film surfaces where SSA is generated. We observed higher saccharide enrichment in persistent foam compared to SSML, which suggests that maturation of bubbles at the air-water interface contribute to enrichment of organic matter at the ocean surface and ultimately in SSA. Structure-related saccharides, particularly those with HMW, are selectively enriched at the ocean surface. Because of the size of high molecular weight structure-related saccharides, they are unlikely to be transferred to sub-micrometer sized particles, and are more likely to be in super-micron SSA. The quantitative results obtained from this study support the theoretical concept of free monosaccharide enrichment in ocean surface and field observations of saccharide enrichment in SSA. Research Data Curation Program, UC San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0175 (https://lib.ucsd.edu/rdcp) Jayarathne, Thilina; Gamage, Dilini Kirindigoda; Prather, Kimberly A.; Stone, Elizabeth A. (2023). Data from: Enrichment of Saccharides at Air-Water Interface: A Quantitative Comparison of Sea Surface Microlayer and Foam. In Center for Aerosol Impacts on Chemistry of the Environment (CAICE) Collection. UC San Diego Library Digital Collections. https://doi.org/10.6075/J02807S1 This package contains an explanatory readme file and the data used to generate figures for "Enrichment of Saccharides at Air-Water Interface: A Quantitative Comparison of Sea Surface Microlayer and Foam".
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